Electric Boats

Marine electrification is constrained by something road transport never faces: you cannot coast home. Range anxiety on water is a safety question rather than an inconvenience, which is why the sector has moved slowly and why hybrid arrangements persist here longer than on land.

The interesting cases are the ones where the duty cycle makes the arithmetic work anyway — ferries on fixed routes, harbour tugs, day boats — and where charging becomes a port infrastructure problem rather than a vehicle one.